Books, Journal Articles and Edited Volumes
Ahmad, Aijaz, ‘Class, Nation, and State: Intermediate Classes in Peripheral Societies’ in Middle Classes in Dependent Countries, ed. by Dale L.Johnson (Beverly Hills and London: Sage Publications, 1985)
Ahmed, Ibrahim, ‘The Republic of Kurdistan: A Personal Memoir’, The International Journal of Kurdish Studies, 11.1/2 (1997), 9–32
Akkaya, Ahmet, and Joost Jongerden, ‘Democratic Confederalism as a Kurdish Spring: The PKK and the Quest for Radical Democracy’, in The Kurdish Spring: Geopolitical Changes and the Kurds, ed. by Michael Gunter and Mohammed Ahmed (Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda Publishers, 2013), pp. 163–86
Akkaya, Ahmet, and Joost Jongerden, ‘Reassembling the Political: The PKK and the Project of Radical Democracy’, European Journal of Turkish Studies, 14 (2012)
Aktan, Resat, ‘Problems of Land Reform in Turkey’, International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 20.3 (1966), 317–34
Aladağ, Cemal, Milli Mesele ve Kürdistan’da Feodalite Aşiret (Frankfurt: Komkar Yayınları, 1981)
Al-Ali, Nadje, and Latif Tas, ‘Reconsidering Nationalism and Feminism: The Kurdish Political Movement in Turkey’, Nations and Nationalism, 24.2 (2018), 453–73
Altunışık, Meliha. B., and Özlem Tür, ‘From Distant Neighbors to Partners? Changing Syrian-Turkish Relations’, Security Dialogue, 37.2 (2006), 229–48
Ammann, Birgit, ‘Kurds in Germany’, in Encyclopedia of Diasporas, ed. By Melvin Ember, Ian A. Skoggard (Boston, MA: Springer, 2005), pp. 1011– 308
Anaid, Anwar, and Emel Elif Tugdar, eds., Iraqi Kurdistan’s Statehood Aspirations: A Political Economy Approach (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019)
Anderson, Benedict, Imagined Communities: Reflecting on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism (London: Verso, 1983)
Anderson, Lisa, The State and Social Transformation in Tunisia and Libya, 1830-1980 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986)
Anderson, Perry, Lineages of the Absolutist State (London: Verso, 1974)
Arat, Yeşim, and Sevket Pamuk, Turkey between Democracy and Authoritarianism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019)
Aslan, Senem, ‘Incoherent State: The Controversy over Kurdish Naming in Turkey’, European Journal of Turkish Studies, 10 (2009)
Atabaki, Touraj, and Erik J. Zürcher, Men of Order: Authoritarian Modernization under Ataturk and Reza Shah (London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 2004)
Ayata, Bilgin, ‘Kurdish Transnational Politics and Turkey’s Changing Kurdish Policy: The Journey of Kurdish Broadcasting from Europe to Turkey’, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 19.4 (2011), 523–33
Ayubi, Nizah N., Over-Stating the Arab State: Politics and Society in the Middle East (London: I.B. Tauris, 1995)
Bache, Christina, ‘Mutual Economic Interdependence or Economic Imbalance: Turkish Private Sector Presence in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq’, Middle East Critique, 27.1 (2018), 61-75
Bal, İhsan, and Sedat Laçiner, Ethnic Terrorism in Turkey and the Case of the PKK: Roots, Structure, Survival, and Ideology, (London: Frank Cass 2004)
Barkey, Henri, ‘The People’s Democracy Party (HADEP): The Travails of a Legal Kurdish Party in Turkey’, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 18.1 (1998), 129–38
Barth, Fredrik, Principles of Social Organization in Southern Kurdistan (Oslo: Universitet i Oslo, 1953);
Barzani, Mustafa, ‘Speech Presented to the Congress of the Kurdish Exiles in the Soviet Union: Baku, January 19, 1948’, The International Journal of Kurdish Studies, XI.1–2 (1997), 33–48.
Batatu, Hanna, The Old Social Classes and the Revolutionary Movements of Iraq: A Study of Iraq’s Old Landed and Commercial Classes and of Its Communists, Baʻthist, and Free Officers (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978)
Beinin, Joel, Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001)
Bengio, Ofra, The Kurds of Iraq: Building a State Within a State (London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2012)
Berger, Stefan, Mark Donovan, and Kevin Passmore, eds., Writing National Histories: Western Europe Since 1800 (London and New York: Routledge, 1999)
Berger, Stefan, and Chris Lorenz, The Contested Nation: Ethnicity, Class, Religion and Gender in National Histories (New York: Palgrave Macmillan)
Beşikçi, İsmail, Doğu Anadolu’nun Düzeni: Sosyo-Ekonomik ve Etnik Temeller (Ankara: Yurt Kitap-Yayın, 1992)
Beşikçi, İsmail, International Colony Kurdistan (London: Gomidas Institute, 2015)
Birand, Mehmet Ali, APO ve PKK (Istanbul: Milliyet Yayinlari, 1992)
Blaut, James M., The National Question: Decolonizing the Theory of Nationalism (London and New Jersey: Zed Books, 1987)
Bookchin, Murray, The Ecology of Freedom: The Emergence and Dissolution of Hierarchy (Palo Alto: Cheshire Books, 1982)
Bozarslan, Hamit, and Clémence Scalbert-Yücel, eds., Joyce Blau l’éternelle Chez Les Kurdes (Istanbul: Institut Français d’études anatoliennes, 2018) <https://books.openedition.org/ifeagd/2199?lang=en>
Brass, Paul, Ethnicity and Nationalism: Theory and Comparison (London:SAGE Publications, 1991)
Bromley, Simon, Rethinking Middle East Politics: State Formation and Development (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1994)
Brubaker, Roger, Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe (Cambrdige: Cambridge University Press, 1996)
Cabral, Amilcar, Return to the Source: Selected Speeches (New York and London, Monthly Review Press, 1973)
Çağlayan, Handan, ‘From Kawa the Blacksmith to Ishtar the Goddess: Gender Constructions in Ideological-Political Discourses of the Kurdish Movement in Post-1980 Turkey’, European Journal of Turkish Studies, 14 (2012)
Çağlayan, Handan, Women in the Kurdish Movement: Mothers, Comrades, Goddesses (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020)
Candar, Cengiz, Mezopotamya Ekspresi: Bir Tarih Yolculuğu (Istanbul: Iletisim, 2012)
Çandar, Cengiz, Turkey’s Mission Impossible: War and Peace with the Kurds (Lanham: Lexington Books)
Casier, Marlies, ‘Designated Terrorists: The Kurdistan Workers’ Party and Its Struggle to (Re)Gain Political Legitimacy’, Mediterranean Politics, 15.3 (2010), 393–413
Casier, Marlies, and Joost Jongerden, eds., Nationalisms and Politics in Turkey: Political Islam, Kemalism and the Kurdish Issue (London and New York: Routledge, 2011)
Casier, Marlies, and Olivier Grojean, ‘Between Integration, Autonomization and Radicalization.
Hamit Bozarslan on the Kurdish Movement and theTurkish Left’, European Journal of Turkish Studies, 14 (2012)
Cetorelli, Valeria, Isaac Sasson, Nazar Shabila, and Gilbert Burnham, ‘Mortality and Kidnapping Estimates for the Yazidi Population in the Area of Mount Sinjar, Iraq, in August 2014: A Retrospective Household Survey’, PLoS Medicine, 14.5 (2017) <https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002297>
Chaliand, Gerard, ed., A People Without a Country: The Kurds and Kurdistan (London: Zed Books, 1993)
Charountaki, Marianna, The Kurds and US Foreign Policy: International Relations in the Middle East since 1945 (London: Routledge, 2011)
Chaudhry, Kiren Aziz, ‘On the Way to Market: Economic Liberalization and Iraq’s Invasion of Kuwait’, MERIP Middle East Report, 170 (1991), 14–23
Dahlum, Sirianne, Carl Henrik Knutsen, and Tore Wig, ‘Who Revolts? Empirically Revisiting the Social Origins of Democracy’, Journal of Politics, 81.4 (2019), 1494–99
Dann, Otto, and John Dinwiddy, eds., Nationalism in the Age of the French Revolution (London and Ronceverte: The Hambledon Press, 1988)
Dawisha, Adeed, Iraq: A Political History from Independence to Occupation (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009)
Dodge, Toby, Inventing Iraq: The Failure of Nation Building and a History Denied (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003)
Dohrmann, Mark, and Robert Hatem, ‘The Impact of Hydro-Politics on the Relations of Turkey, Iraq and Syria’, The Middle East Journal, 68.4 (2014), 567–83
Dorronsoro, Gilles, and Nicole F. Watts, ‘Toward Kurdish Distinctiveness in Electoral Politics: The 1977 Local Elections in Dı̇yarbakir’, International Journal of Middle East Studies, 41.3 (2009), 457–78
Eagleton, William, The Kurdish Republic of 1946 (London: Oxford University Press, 1963)
Egret, Eliza, and Tom Anderson, Struggles for Autonomy in Kurdistan & Corporate Complicity in the Repression of Social Movements in Rojava and Bakur (London: Corporate Watch Cooperative, 2016)
<https://corporatewatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Strugglesfor-autonomy-in-Kurdistan.pdf>
Fanon, Frantz, The Wretched of the Earth (New York: Grove Press, 1991)
Fernea, Robert A., and William Roger Louis, eds., The Iraqi Revolution of 1958: The Old Social Classes Revisited (London: I.B. Tauris, 1991)
Fırat, Abdülmelik, Fırat Mahzun Akar (Istanbul: Avesta Kitabevi, 2006)
Franzén, Johan, ‘From ally to foe: The Iraqi communist party and the Kurdish question, 1958-1975’, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 38.2 (2011), 169-185
Franzén, Johan, Red Star Over Iraq: Iraqi Communism Before Saddam (New York: Columbia University Press, 2011)
Freeden, Michael, ‘Is Nationalism a Distinct Ideology?’, Political Studies, 46.4 (1998), 748–65
Gabbay, Rony, Communism and Agrarian Reform in Iraq (London: Croom Helm, 1978)
Gellner, Ernest, Nations and Nationalism (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1983)
Ghareeb, Edmund A., and Beth Dougherty, Historical Dictionary of Iraq (Lanham, MD: The Scarecrow Press, 2004)
Ghassemlou, Abdul Rahman, Kurdistan and the Kurds (London: Collets, 1965)
Gramsci, Antonio, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, ed. By Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell Smith (New York: International Publishers, 1971)
Green, Marcus E., ‘Rethinking the Subaltern and the Question of Censorship in Gramsci’s Prison Notebooks’, Postcolonial Studies, 14.4 (2011), 387-404
Grigoriadis, Ioannis N., and Esra Dilek, ‘Struggling for the Kurdish Vote: Religion, Ethnicity and Victimhood in AKP and BDP/HDP Rally Speeches’, Middle Eastern Studies, 54.2 (2018), 289–303
Güneş, Cengiz, and Welat Zeydanlıoğlu, eds., The Kurdish Question in Turkey: New Perspective on Violence, Representation, and Reconciliation (London: Routledge, 2014)
Günes, Cengiz, The Kurdisn National Movement in Turkey: From Protest to Resistance (Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2012)
Gunter, Michael, ed., Routledge Handbook on the Kurds (London and New York: Routledge, 2019)
Gunter, Michael, Historical Dictionary of the Kurds (Lanham: Scarecrow Press, 2011)
Gunter, Michael, Out of Nowhere: The Kurds of Syria in Peace and War (London: Hurst & Company, 2014)
Gunter, Michael, The Kurdish Predicament in Iraq: A Political Analysis (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1999)
Gunter, Michael, The Kurds Ascending: The Evolving Solution to the Kurdish Problem in Iraq and Turkey, (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008)
Gunter, Michael, The Kurds in Turkey: A Political Dilemma (Boulder: Westview Press, 1990)
Gürbüz, Mustafa, Rival Kurdish Movements in Turkey: Transforming Ethnic Conflict (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2016)
Gürses, Mehmet, David Romano, and Michael Gunter, eds., The Kurds in the Middle East: Enduring Problems and New Dynamics (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2020)
Haj, Samira, The Making of Iraq, 1900-1963: Capital, Power, and Ideology (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997)
Hakan Yavuz, M., ‘Five Stages of the Construction of Kurdish Nationalism in Turkey’, Nationalism and Ethnic Politics, 7.3 (2001), 1–24
Hassanpour, Amir, ‘Satellite Footprints as National Borders: Med‐tv and the Extraterritoriality of State Sovereignty’, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 18.1 (1998), 53–72
Hassanpour, Amir., Nationalism and Language in Kurdistan, 1918-1985 (Lewiston, NY: Mellen Research University Press, 1992)
Heper, Metin, and Ahmet Evin, eds., State, Democracy, and the Military: Turkey in the 1980s (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1988)
Heper, Metin, The State and Kurds in Turkey: The Question of Assimilation (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007)
Hobsbawm, Eric J., Nations and Nationalism since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991)
Issawi, Charles, The Economic History of Turkey, 1800-1914 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980)
Izady, R. Mehrdad, The Kurds: A Concise Handbook (Washington: Taylor & Francis, 1992)
Jabar, A. Faleh, and Renad Mansour, eds., The Kurds in a Changing Middle East: History, Politics and Representation (London: I.B. Tauris, 2019)
Jabar, Faleh A., and Hosham Dawod, eds., The Kurds: Nationalism and Politics (Beirut: Saqi, 2006)
James, Dietrich Mahoney, and Rueschemeyer, ‘Comparative Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences’ (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003)
Jawad, Saʻad, Iraq and the Kurdish Question, 1958-1970 (London: Ithaca Press, 1981)
Jongerden, Joost, ‘A Spatial Perspective on Political Group Formation in Turkey after the 1971 Coup: The Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK)’, Kurdish Studies, 5.2 (2017), 134–156
Jongerden, Joost, ‘Learning from Defeat: Development and Contestation of the “New Paradigm” Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK)’, Kurdish Studies, 7.1 (2019), 72–92
Jongerden, Joost, ‘Village Evacuation and Reconstruction in Kurdistan (1993-2002)’, Études rurales, 186 (2010), <http://journals.openedition.org/etudesrurales/9241>
Jongerden, Joost, Hugo de Vos, and Jacob van Etten, ‘Forest Burning as Counterinsurgency in Turkish-Kurdistan: An Analysis from Space’, The International Journal of Kurdish Studies, 21.1&2 (2007)
Jongerden, Joost, The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds: An Analysis of Spatial Policies, Modernity and War (Leiden: Brill, 2007)
Jwaideh, Wadie, The Kurdish National Movement: Its Origins and Development (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2006)
Kandiyoti, Deniz, ‘Bargaining with Patriarchy’, Gender & Society, 2.3 (1988), 274–90
Kaplan, Morgan L., ‘Foreign Support, Miscalculation, and Conflict Escalation: Iraqi Kurdish Self-Determination in Perspective’, Ethnopolitics, 18.1 (2019), 29–45
Kasaba, Reşat, ed., The Cambridge History of Turkey, Volume 4 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008)
Kaya Seferoğlu, Şükrü, Anadolu’nun İlk Türk Sakinleri: Kürtler (Ankara: Ayyıldız Matbaası, 1982)
Kaya Seferoğlu, Şukrü, and Halil Kemal Türközü, 101 Soruda Türklerin Kürt Boyu (Ankara: Türk Kültürünü Araştırma Enstitüsü, 1982)
Kaya, Zeynep, and Matthew Whiting, ‘The HDP, the AKP and the Battle for Turkish Democracy’, Ethnopolitics, 18.1 (2019), 92–106
Keyder, Çağlar, State and Class in Turkey (London: Verso, 1987)
Kinnane, Derk, (1964), The Kurds and Kurdistan (London: Oxford University Press, 1964)
Kissinger, Henry, Years of Renewal (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1999)
Klein, Janet, ‘Kurdish Nationalists and Non-Nationalist Kurdists: Rethinking Minority Nationalism and the Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, 1908- 1909’, Nations and Nationalism, 13.1 (2007), 135–53
Klein, Janet, The Margins of Empire: Kurdish Militias in the Ottoman Tribal Zone (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2011)
Knapp, Michael, Anja Flach, and Ercan Ayboğa, Revolution in Rojava: Democratic Autonomy and Women’s Liberation in Syrian Kurdistan (London: Pluto Press, 2016)
Kodoman, Bayram, Sultan II. Abdülhamit’in Doğu Anadolu Politikası (Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi, 1987)
Koohi-Kamali, Farideh, The Political Development of the Kurds in Iran: Pastoral Nationalism (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003)
Kreyenbroek, Philip G., and Stefan Sperl, eds., The Kurds: A Contemporary Overview (London and New York: Routledge, 1992)
Laclau, Ernesto, and Chantal Mouffe, Hegemony and Socialist Strategy : Towards a Radical Democratic Politics (London: Verso, 1985)
Laclau, Ernesto, New Reflections on the Revolution of Our Time (London: Verso, 1990)
Leezenberg, Michiel, ‘Humanitarian Aid in Iraqi Kurdistan’, Cahiers d’Études Sur La Méditerranée Orientale et Le Monde Turco-Iranien, 29 (2000), 31–49
Leezenberg, Michiel, ‘Iraqi Kurdistan: Contours of a Post-Civil War Society’, Third World Quarterly, 26.4–5 (2005), 631–47
Leezenberg, Michiel, ‘The Ambiguities of Democratic Autonomy: The Kurdish Movement in Turkey and Rojava’, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 16.4 (2016), 671–90
Lyon, Alynna J., and Emek M. Uçarer, ‘Mobilizing Ethnic Conflict: Kurdish Separatism in Germany and the PKK’, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 24.6 (2001), 925–48
MacKenzie, David N., Kurdish Dialects Studies I-II. (London: Oxford University Press, 1961)
Mahdi, Kamil A., ed., Iraq’s Economic Predicament (Reading: Ithaca Press, 2002)
Malek, Mohammed, ‘Kurdistan in the Middle East Conflict’, New Left Review, 1.175 (1989), 79–94
Marcus, Aliza, Blood and Belief: The PKK and the Kurdish Fight for Independence (New York: New York University Press, 2007)
McDowall, David, A Modern History of the Kurds (London: I.B. Tauris, 2004)
Minorsky, Vladimir, ‘Les origines des Kurdes’, Actes du XXe Congres Internationale des Orientalistes, Louvain (1940), 143-152;
Moore, Barrington, Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World (Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 1966)
Mutlu, Servet, ‘Ethnic Kurds in Turkey: A Demographic Study’, International Journal of Middle East Studies, 28 (1996), 517–41
Nairn, Tom, ‘The Modern Janus’, New Left Review, 1.94 (1975), 3–29
Natali, Denise, The Kurdish Quasi-State: Development and Dependency in Post-Gulf War Iraq (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2010)
Nikitin, Vasily, Les Kurdes: Etude Sociologique et Historique (Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1956)
Noori Najmalddin, Nyaz, ‘The Failure of Economic Reform in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (1921-2015): The Vicious Circle of Uncivic Traditions,
Resource Curse, and Centralization’, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 45.2 (2018), 156–75
O’Ballance, Edgar, The Kurdish Revolt: 1961-1970 (London: Faber and Faber, 1973)
O’Connor, Francis, and Bahar Başer, ‘Communal Violence and Ethnic Polarization before and after the 2015 Elections in Turkey: Attacks against the HDP and the Kurdish Population’, Journal of Southeast European and Black Sea, 18.1 (2018), 53–72
O’Driscoll, Dylan, and Bahar Başer, ‘Independence Referendums and Nationalist Rhetoric: The Kurdistan Region of Iraq’, Third World Quarterly, 40.11 (2019), 2016-2034
O’Shea, Maria, ed., Kurdistan: Political and Economic Potential (London: Geopolitics and International Boundaries Research Centre SOAS, 1992)
O’Shea, T. Maria, Trapped between the Map and Reality: Geography and Perceptions of Kurdistan (London and New York: Routledge, 2004)
Ocaklı, Feryaz, ‘Politics in the Kurdish Periphery: Clan Networks and Local Party Strategies in a Comparative Perspective’, Middle Eastern Studies, 53.4 (2017), 571–84
Öcalan, Abdullah, Kadın ve Aile Sorunu (Istanbul: Melsa Yayınları, 1992)
Öcalan, Abdullah, Kürdistan Devriminin Yolu (Cologne: Weşanen Serxwebun, 1993)
Öcalan, Abdullah, Liberating Life: Woman’s Revolution (Cologne: International Initiative ‘Freedom for Abdullah Öcalan’ – Peace in Kurdistan”, 2013)
Öcalan, Abdullah, Manifesto for a Democratic Civilization, Volume 1, Civilization: The Age of Masked Gods and Disguised Kings (Porsgrunn, Norway: New Compass Press, 2015)
Öcalan, Abdullah, War and Peace in Kurdistan (Cologne: International Initiative “Freedom for Abdullah Ocalan – Peace in Kurdistan”, 2008)
Olson, Robert, The Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and the Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880-1925 (Houston: University of Texas Press, 1989)
Özeren, Süleyman, Murat Sever, Kamil Yılmaz, and Alper Sözer, ‘Whom Do They Recruit? Profiling and Recruitment in the PKK/KCK’, Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 37.4 (2014), 322–47 <https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2014.879381>
Özoğlu, Hakan, Kurdish Notables and the Ottoman State (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2004)
Palani, Kamaran, Jaafar Khidir, Mark Dechesne, and Edwin Bakker, ‘The Development of Kurdistan’s de Facto Statehood: Kurdistan’s September 2017 Referendum for Independence’, Third World Quarterly, 40.12 (2019), 2270-2288
Pamuk, Şevket, Uneven Centuries: Economic Development of Turkey since 1820 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2018)
Park, Bill, ‘Explaining Turkey’s Reaction to the September 2017Independence Referendum in the KRG: Final Divorce or Relationship Reset?’, Ethnopolitics, 18.1 (2019), 46-60
Park, Bill, ‘Turkey, the US and the KRG: Moving Parts and the Geopolitical Realities’, Insight Turkey, 14.3 (2012), 109–25
Park, Bill, Joost Jongerden, Francis Owtram, and Akiko Yoshioka, ‘Field Notes: On the Independence Referendum in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Disputed Territories in 2017’, Kurdish Studies, 5.2 (2017), 199–214
Park, Bill, Turkey’s policy towards northern Iraq: problems and perspectives (London: IISS, 2005)
Pek, Ahmet, and Behsat Ekici, ‘Narcoterrorism in Turkey: The Financing of PKK-KONGRA GEL from Illicit Drug Business’, in Understanding and Responding to the Terrorism Phenomenon: A Multi-Dimensional Perspective, ed. by Ozgur Nikbay and Suleyman Hancerli (Washington: IOS Press, 2007), pp. 140–52
Perinçek, Doğu, Abdullah Öcalan Ile Görüşmeler (Istanbul: Kaynak Yayınları, 1990)
PKK: Program ve Tüzüğü (Cologne: Weşanên Serxwebûn, 1995)
Polanyi, Karl, The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time (Boston: Beacon Press, 2001)
Pollack, Kenneth, The Threatening Storm: What Every American Needs to Know Before an Invasion in Iraq (New York: Random House, 2002)
Rafaat, Aram, ‘The Fundamental Characteristics of the Kurdish Nationhood Project in Modern Iraq’, Middle Eastern Studies, 52.3 (2016), 488–504
Romano, David, The Kurdish Nationalist Movement: Opportunity, Mobilization and Identity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006)
Roth, Mitchel P., and Murat Sever, ‘The Kurdish Workers Party (PKK) as Criminal Syndicate: Funding Terrorism through Organized Crime, A Case Study’, Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 30.10 (2007), 901–20
Rubin, Avshalom H., ‘Abd Al-Karim Qasim and the Kurds of Iraq: Centralization, Resistance and Revolt, 1958-63’, Middle Eastern Studies, 43.3 (2007), 353–82
Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, Evelyne Huber Stephens, and John D. Stephens, Capitalist Development and Democracy (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992)
Skocpol, Theda, ‘A Critical Review of Barrington Moore’s Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy’, Politics and Society, 4.1 (1973), 1–34
Skocpol, Theda, States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979)
Sönmez, Mustafa, Kürtler: Ekonomik ve Sosyal Tarih, Doğu Anadolu’nun Hikayesi (Istanbul: Arkadaş Yayınevi, 1992)
Sosyalizm ve Toplumsal Mücadeleler Ansiklopedisi, Volume 5 (Istabul: İletişim Yayınları, 1988)
Spivak, Gayatri C., ‘Can the Subaltern Speak?’ in Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, ed. by Cary Nelson and Lawrence Grossberg (Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1988)
Stansfield, Gareth, and Mohammed Shareef, eds., The Kurdish Question Revisited (London: Oxford University Press, 2017)
Stansfield, Gareth, Iraqi Kurdistan: Political Development and Emergent Democracy (London and New York: Routledge, 2003)
Sumer, Fahrettin, and Jay Joseph, ‘The Paradox of the Iraqi Kurdish Referendum on Independence: Contradictions and Hopes for Economic Prosperity’, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 45.4 (2018), 574–88
Tahiri, Hussein, The Structure of Kurdish Society and the Struggle for a Kurdish State (Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda Publishers, 2007)
Tejel, Jordi, Peter Sluglett, Riccardo Bocco, and Hamit Bozarslan, eds., Writing the Modern History of Iraq: Historiographical and Political Challenges (Singapore: World Scientific, 2012)
Tejel, Jordi, Syria’s Kurds: History, Politics and Society (London and New York: Routledge, 2009)
Tezcür, Güneş Murat, ‘Kurdish Nationalism and Identity in Turkey: A Conceptual Reinterpretation’, European Journal of Turkish Studies, 10 (2009)
Tezcür, Güneş Murat, ‘Ordinary People, Extraordinary Risks: Participation in an Ethnic Rebellion’, American Political Science Review, 110.2 (2016), 247–64
Tezcür, Güneş Murat, ‘Violence and Nationalist Mobilization: The Onset of the Kurdish Insurgency in Turkey’, Nationalities Papers, 43.2 (2015), 248–66
Tikku, Girdhari, ed., Islam and Its Cultural Divergence: Studies in Honor of Gustave E. von Grunebaum (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971)
Tilly, Charles, Durable Inequality (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998)
Tunç, Volkan, ‘Van Milletvekili İbrahim Arvas’ın Biyografisi ve Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi’ndeki Faaliyetleri’, Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi, 6.2 (2019), 388–432
Ünal, Mustafa Cosar, ‘The Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) and Popular Support: Counterterrorism towards an Insurgency Nature’, Small Wars & Insurgencies, 23.3 (2012), 432–55 <https://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2012.661610>
Üngör, Ugur Ümit, The Making of Modern Turkey: Nation and State in Eastern Anatolia, 1913-1950 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011)
Vali, Abbas, ed., Essays on the Origins of Kurdish Nationalism (Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda Publishers, 2003)
van Bruinessen, Martin, ‘Between Guerrilla War and Political Murder: The Workers’ Party of Kurdistan’, MERIP Middle East Report, 153 (1988), 40–46
van Bruinessen, Martin, ‘Shifting National and Ethnic Identities: The Kurds in Turkey and the European Diaspora’, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 18.1 (1998), 39–52
van Bruinessen, Martin, Agha, Shaikh and State: The Social and Political Structures of Kurdistan (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992)
van Bruinessen, Martin, Kurdish Ethno-Nationalism versus Nation-Building States: Collected Articles (Istanbul: ISIS, 2000)
Vanly, Ismet Cheriff, Survey of the National Question of Turkish Kurdistan with Historical Background (Rome: Hevra, 1971)
Voller, Yaniv, ‘Kurdish Oil Politics in Iraq: Contested Sovereignty and Unilateralism’, Middle East Policy, XX.1 (2013), 68–82
Voller, Yaniv, The Kurdish Liberation Movement in Iraq: From Insurgency to Statehood (London and New York: Routledge, 2014)
Wahbi, Taufiiq, The Origins of the Kurds and Their Language (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966)
Wahlbeck, Osten, Kurdish Diasporas: A Comparative Study of Kurdish Refugee Communities (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1999)
Wardhaugh, Ronald, An Introduction to Sociolinguistics (Oxford: WileyBlackwell, 1997)
Watts, Nicole F., Activists in Office: Kurdish Politics and Protest in Turkey (Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 2010)
Weber, Max, From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, ed. by Hans Gerth and C. Wright Mills (New York: Routledge, 1958)
White, Paul, ‘The March 1990 Uprising in Turkish Kurdistan & Its Effects on Turkish Politics’, Kurdish Times, 4.1/2 (1991), 97–106
White, Paul, Primitive Rebels or Revolutionary Modernizers?: The Kurdish National Movement in Turkey (London and New York: Zed Books, 2000)
White, Paul, The PKK: Coming Down from the Mountains (London: Zed Books, 2015)
Wood, Ellen Meiksins, Democracy against Capitalism: Renewing Historical Materialism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995)
Wright, Erik Olin, ed., Approaches to Class Analysis (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005)
Wright, Erik Olin, Understanding Class (London: Verso, 2015)
Yadirgi, Veli, The Political Economy of the Kurds of Turkey: From the Ottoman Empire to the Turkish Republic (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017)
Yeǧen, Mesut, ‘Turkish Nationalism and the Kurdish Question’, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30.1 (2007), 119–51
Yıldız, Kerim, The Kurds in Iraq: The Past, Present and Future (London: Pluto Press, 2005)
Zana, Mehdi, Prison No.5: Eleven Years in Turkish Jails (Watertown, Ma: Blue Crane Books, 1997)
Zedong, Mao, On the Question of the National Bourgeoisie and the Enlightened Gentry (March 1, 1948) (Bejing: Foreign Language Press, 1969)
Zürcher, Eirk J., ‘The Vocabulary of Muslim Nationalism’, International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 137 (1999), 81–93
Zürcher, Erik J., Turkey: A Modern History (London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 1997)
Newspapers and Magazines Articles
‘“KRG’s Investment Law Is amongst the Most Investor Friendly Laws in the Wider Region” – Minister Falah Mustafa Bakir’, The Kurdistan Tribune, 20 November 2011 <https://kurdistantribune.com/krgs-investmentlaw-amongst-most-investor-friendly-laws-wider-region-ministerfalah-mustafa-bakir/>
‘Criminal Raid Prevents Kurdistan’s First Independent TV Station from Covering Sulaymaniyah Unrest’, Reporters Without Borders, 22 February 2011 https://rsf.org/en/news/criminal-raid-preventskurdistans-first-independent-tv-station-covering-sulaymaniyahunrest ‘Excerpts From 2 Statements by Bush on Iraq’s Proposal for Ending Conflict’, The New York Times, 16 February 1991 <https://www.nytimes.com/1991/02/16/world/war-gulf-bushstatement-excerpts-2-statements-bush-iraq-s-proposal-forending.html>
‘Interview with Hozat, Karayılan and Bayık’, Peace in Kurdistan, 18 July 2013 <https://peaceinkurdistancampaign.com/2013/07/18/interviewwith-hozat-karayilan-and-bayik/>
‘Iran to Establish Goods Trading Center in Iraq’s Sulaymaniyah’, Mehr News Agency, 29 October 2018 <https://en.mehrnews.com/news/139170/Iran-to-establish-goods-trading-center-in-Iraq-s-Sulaymaniyah>
‘Iraq Kurdistan Independence Referendum Planned’, BBC News, 1 July 2014 <https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-28103124>
‘Iraqi Kurdistan Oil Revenue $1 Billion per Month: Source’, Ekurd Daily, 2 November 2016 <https://ekurd.net/kurdistan-oil-revenue-billion-2016-11-02>
‘Iraqi Kurdistan: Prevent Attacks on Protesters’,
Human Rights Watch, 7 March 2011 https://www.hrw.org/news/2011/03/07/iraqi-kurdistanprevent-attacks-protesters ‘Iraqi Kurdistan: Ruling Party Forces Fire on Protesters’,
Human Rights Watch, 21 October 2015 <https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/10/21/iraqikurdistan-ruling-party-forces-fire-protesters>
‘Iraqi Kurds Protest against Turkish “Genocide”’, Euronews, 8 February 2016 <https://www.euronews.com/2016/02/08/iraqi-kurds-protestagainst-turkish-genocide>
‘Kaka Hama: Parties Warned by US Officials to Keep Barzani President’, Rudaw, 18 August 2015 <https://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/180820156>
‘Kurdistan Will Hold Independence Referendum in 2017, Senior Official’, Rudaw, 2 April 2017 <https://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/020420171>
‘Over $1 Billion from Iraqi Kurdistan Oil Revenue Missing in 1st Quarter of 2016: MP’, Ekurd Daily, 7 April 2016 <https://ekurd.net/billion-iraqikurdistan-oil-missing-2016-04-07>
‘Protesters Storm Kurdistan Parliament after Barzani Announces Resignation’, Reuters, 29 October 2017 <https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-iraq-kurdsprotests/protesters-storm-kurdistan-parliament-after-barzaniannounces-resignation-idUSKBN1CY0PI>
‘Protests Intensify in Iraqi Kurdistan amid Economic Crisis’, Human Rights Watch, 9 February 2016 <https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideastcrisis-iraq-protests-idUSKCN0VI11X>
‘Rockets Hit Iranian Kurdish Opposition Offices in Iraq’s Koya’, Al Jazeera, 8 September 2018 <https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/09/rocketshit-iranian-kurdish-opposition-offices-iraq-koya180908090605503.html>
‘SHP’li Canver’in Güneydoğu İzlenimleri: İskence Ayibi Hepiminiz’, Cumhuriyet, 12 February 1986
‘Who Are the Kurds?’, Al Jazeera, 1 October 2017 <https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/05/kurds170516072934887.html>
Ali Saleem, Zmkan, and Mac Skelton, ‘Protests and Power: Lessons from Iraqi Kurdistan’s Opposition Movement’, LSE Middle East Centre Blog,
10 November 2019 <https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/mec/2019/11/10/protestsand-power-lessons-from-iraqi-kurdistans-opposition-movement/>
Çandar, Cengiz, ‘Erdogan-Barzani ‘Diyarbakir encounter’ milestone’, alMonitor, 20 November 2013 < https://www.almonitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/11/erdogan-barzani-kurdistandiyarbakir-political-decision.html>
Cazeaux, Jean-Jacques, ‘Turquie: La Grande Misère Des Kurdes’, Le Monde, 16 June 1983 <https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1983/06/16/turquie-lagrande-misere-des-kurdes_3076818_1819218.html>
Chomani, Kamal, ‘Kurdistan Region at a Time of Crown Princes’, 1001 Iraqi Thoughts, 28 December 2018 <https://1001iraqithoughts.com/2018/12/28/kurdistan-region-in-atime-of-kurdish-crown-princes>
Cockburn, Patrick, ‘Kurdish Chief’s Death Brings Civil War Nearer’, The Independent, 6 July 1996
<https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/kurdish-chiefs-deathbrings-civil-war-nearer-1327460.html>
Ghafuri, Lawk, ‘Before Sending Oil, Kurds Want Baghdad to Clear Their Debts’, Rudaw, 23 September 2019 <https://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/230920193>
Gürcan, Metin, ‘PKK Looks to the Future with Creation of Youth Militias’, AlMonitor, 31 August 2015 <https://www.almonitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/08/turkey-kurds-pkk-armed-youngmilitias.html>
Hawramy, Fazel, ‘Assassinations Mount as Iranian Kurdish Militants Clash with Tehran’, Al-Monitor, 7 March 2018 <https://www.almonitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/03/iran-kdpi-kurdish-oppositioniraq-assassinations-rahmani.html#ixzz5bkPrbUIC>
Hawramy, Fazel, ‘Iraqi Kurdistan’s Movement for Change Faces Rebellion from Within’, Al-Monitor, 9 July 2018 https://www.almonitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/07/change-movement-nawshirwanmustafa-kurdistan-iraq.html>
MacDiarmid, Campbell, ‘Masoud Barzani: Why It’s Time for Kurdish Independence’, Foreign Policy, 15 June 2017 <https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/06/15/masoud-barzani-why-its-timefor-kurdish-independence/>
Nawzad, Kosar, ‘Kurdistan Ends Unpopular Austerity Measure, Will Pay Public Salaries “in Full”’, Kurdistan 24, 8 March 2019 <https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/news/34b6f15b-f457-4a18-a76f01531dab5475>
Neuhof, Florian, ‘Unpaid Peshmerga Are Voting with Their Feet’, Deutsche Welle, 2 February 2016 <https://www.dw.com/en/unpaid-peshmergaare-voting-with-their-feet/a-19020152>
Ottaway, Marina, and Anas Danial Kaysi, ‘Iraq: Protest, Democracy, and Autocracy’, Canregie Endowment for International Peace, 28 March 2011 <https://carnegieendowment.org/2011/03/28/iraq-protestdemocracy-and-autocracy-pub-43306>
Salih, Mohammed A., ‘KRG Parliament Speaker: Barzani’s Term Extension “against the Law”’, Al-Monitor, 28 August 2015 <https://www.almonitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/08/kurdish-parliament-speakerchallenge-barzani-legitimacy.html>
Sattar, Omar, ‘New Pipeline in Works to Transport Iraqi Oil to Turkey’, AlMonitor, 18 September 2019 <https://www.almonitor.com/pulse/originals/2019/09/iraq-turkey-pipeline-kirkukceyhan.html>
Stanley, Alessandra, ‘Italy Rejects Turkey’s Bid For the Extradition of Kurd’, The New York Times, 21 November 1998 <https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/21/world/italy-rejects-turkey-sbid-for-the-extradition-of-kurd.html>
Tas, Latif, Nadje Al-Ali, and Gültan Kişanak, ‘Kurdish Women’s Battle Continues against State and Patriarchy, Says First Female Co-Mayor of Diyarbakir. Interview ’, OpenDemocracy, 12 August 2016 <https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/kurdish-women-s-battlecontinues-against-state-and-patriarchy-/>
Tastekin, Fehim, ‘Storming of Base in Iraq a Grave Signal for Turkey’, AlMonitor, 1 February 2019 <https://www.almonitor.com/pulse/originals/2019/02/turkey-iraqi-kurdistan-stormingof-base-grave-signal.html>
Tuysuz, Gul, Hamdi Alkhshali, and Muwafaq Mohammed, ‘At Least 6 Killed during Violent Protests in Iraqi Kurdistan’, CNN, 19 December 2017 <https://edition.cnn.com/2017/12/19/middleeast/iraq-kurdishprotests/index.html>
Ünal, Ali, ‘Turkey’s Halkbank Collects the Revenue of Kurdish Oil’, Daily Sabah, 24 June 2014 <https://www.dailysabah.com/energy/2014/06/24/turkeys-halkbankcollects-the-revenue-of-kurdish-oil>
Wali, Rebwar Karim, ‘Qasim Agha, Other Collaborators of Saddam Hussein’, Ekurd Daily, 31 October, 2010 <https://ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2010/10/state4329.htm>
Woolf, Nicky, ‘Is Kurdistan the next Dubai?’, The Guardian, 5 May 2010 <https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/may/05/kurdistan-next-dubai-iraq>
Reports
‘Turkey’s Village Guard System – Still in Place, Still an Obstacle’, Kurdish Human Rights Project, Briefing Paper, 22 March 2011 <http://www.khrp.org/latest-news/646-turkeys-village-guard-systemstill-in-place-still-an-obstacle.html>
Abrahams, Fred, and Lama Fakih, Under Kurdish Rule: Abuses in PYD-Run Enclaves of Syria (Human Rights Watch, 2014) <https://www.hrw.org/report/2014/06/19/under-kurdish-rule/abusespyd-run-enclaves-syria>
After Iraqi Kurdistan’s Thwarted Independence Bid (International Crisis Group, 2019) <https://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/199-after-iraqikurdistan.pdf>
Bogos, Kristina, Analysis: Looking Back on the 2018 Kurdish Elections (IRIS, March 2019) <https://auis.edu.krd/iris/sites/default/files/Analysis_Looking Back on the 2018 Kurdish Elections_March 2019.pdf>
BP Statistic Review of World Energy – June 2018, 67th Edition (BP, 2018) <https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/businesssites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statisticalreview/bp-stats-review-2018-full-report.pdf>
Calculating the Gross Regional Product of the Kurdistan Region – Iraq (KRG and Rand Corporation, 2016) <https://doi.org/10.7249/rr1405.3>
Capacity Building at the Kurdistan Regional Statistics Organization Through Data Collection (KRG and Rand Corporation, 2014) <https://doi.org/10.1214/07-EJS057>
DeWeaver, Mark, The State of the Economy: Economic Issues in Iraq and the Kurdistan Region (IRIS, March 2017) <https://auis.edu.krd/iris/publications/iris-booklet-series-stateeconomy>
Drought Characteristics and Management in North Africa and the Near East (Food and Agriculture Organization, 2018) <http://www.fao.org/3/CA0034EN/ca0034en.pdf>
Genocide in Iraq: The Anfal Campaign against the Kurds (Human Rights Watch, 1993) <www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/1993/iraqanfal>
Hoff, Ruud, Michiel Leezenberg, and Pieter Muller, Elections in Iraqi Kurdistan (May 19, 1992): An Experiment in Democracy (Amsterdam: Netherlands-Kurdistan Friendship Society, 1992)
In Best of Times and Worst of Times: Addressing Structural Weaknesses of the Kurdistan Region’s Economy (MERI, 2016) http://www.merik.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/MERI-Economic-Report-January2016-2.pdf
Iraq Human Development Report 2014: Iraqi Youth Challenges and Opportunities, (UNDP, 2014)
<http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/undp-iq_iraqnhdr2014-english.pdf>
Iraq Population Situation Analysis Report 2012 (Iraq National Population Commission and UNFPA, 2012) <http://iraq.unfpa.org/publications/cat_view/1-documents-english>
Mansour, Renad, and Christine Van Den Toorn, The 2018 Iraqi Elections: A Population in Transition?, (LSE Middle East Centre and IRIS, July 2018) <http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/89698/7/MEC_Iraqielections_Report_2018.pdf>
McDowall, David, The Destruction of Villages in South-East Turkey: A Report by Medico International and the Kurdish Human Rights Project (KHRP) (London: Medico International and KHRP, 1996)
Mills, Robin, ‘Under the Mountains: Kurdish Oil and Regional Politics’, The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, OIES Paper WPM 63 (January 2016) <https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wpcontent/uploads/2016/02/Kurdish-Oil-and-Regional-Politics-WPM63.pdf>
Reader #5: Stateless Democracy, realized with Kurdish Women’s Movement, New World Academy, 19 May 2015, < https://www.eflux.com/announcements/29509/new-world-academy-reader-5-stateless-democracy-realized-with-kurdish-women-s-movement/>
Regional Development Strategy for Kurdistan Region 2012-2016 (KRG – Ministry of Planning, 2011) <http://www.mop.gov.krd/resources/MoP Files/PDF Files/gd_ps/regional_development_strategy.pdf>
TATORT Kurdistan, Democratic Autonomy in North Kurdistan (Porsgrunn, Norway: New Compass Press, 2013)
The Kurdistan Region of Iraq: Assessing the Economic and Social Impact of the Syrian Conflict and ISIS (World Bank Group, 2015) <https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.111.479.1009-a>
The Kurdistan Region of Iraq: Reforming the Economy for Shared Prosperity and Protecting the Vulnerable (World Bank Group, 2016) <http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/672671468196766598/ Main-report>
The Kurds of Turkey: Killings, Disappearances and Torture (New York: Human Rights Watch, March 1993) https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/TURKEY933.PDF Torture in the Eighties (London: Amnesty International Publications, 1984)
Van Wilgenburg, Wladimir, and Mario Fumerton, Kurdistan’s Political Army: The Challenge of Unifying the Peshmerga Forces (Carnegie Middle East Center, 2015) <https://carnegieendowment.org/files/ACMR_WilgenburgFumerton_Kurdistan_English_final.pdf>
Unpublished Documents, Webpages and Other Items
‘Backgrounder on the Union of Communities in Kurdistan, KCK’, Democratic Turkey Forum <http://www.tuerkeiforum.net/enw/index.php/Backgrounder_on_the_Union_of_Communities_in_Kurdistan,_KCK#cite_note-bia201110-9>
‘CASE OF ÖCALAN v. TURKEY (Application No. 46221/99)’, ECHR, 12 May 2005 <https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng#%7B%22itemid%22:[%22001-69022%22]%7D>
‘Congresses of Kurdistan Democratic Party (1946-1999)’, KDP, <https://www.kdp.se/index.php?do=congress>
‘Democratic Society Congress’, Demokratik Toplum Kongresi <https://www.kcd-dtk.org/english-2/>
‘Entrenched Corruption in Kurdistan Region of Iraq’, Baghdad Embassy, Wikileaks Cables: 08BAGHDAD2731_a, 25 August 2008 <https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/08BAGHDAD2731_a.html>
‘Final Resolution on the 8th Congress of the PKK’, Management Committee of KADEK, 15 April 2002
‘Imported Crude Oil Prices’, US Energy Information Administration, 2019 <https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/steo/realprices/>
‘Investment Law’, KRG Department of Foreign Relations, 2006 <https://dfr.gov.krd/p/p.aspx?p=69&l=12&s=050200&r=377>
‘Iraq’s Constitution of 2005’, Constitute Project, <https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Iraq_2005.pdf?lang=en>
‘IRAQ-UNITED NATIONS: MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING ON THE SALE OF IRAQI OIL, IMPLEMENTING SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 986 (1995)’, International Legal Materials, 35.4 (1996), 1095–1101
‘Jineolojî’, International Vrije Vrouwen Stichting, 2019 <https://www.ifwf.nl/2019/03/15/jineoloji/>
‘KRG Spokesperson Statement on Turkish Forces Presence in Bashiqah’, Kurdistan Regional Government, 6 October 2016 <http://previous.cabinet.gov.krd/a/d.aspx?s=040000&l=12&a=54994>
‘Kurdistan Region – Determined to Grow: Economy, Kurdistan Region, Review’, Invest in Group (IIG), 2013 <https://investingroup.org/review/236/determined-to-grow-economykurdistan/>
‘Kurdistan Region Facts & Figures’, Invest in Group (IIG), 2019 <https://investingroup.org/country/kurdistan/facts-figures/>
‘Kurdistan Regional Government Unification Agreement’, Kurdistan Regional Government, 2006
<http://cabinet.gov.krd/a/d.aspx?r=223&l=12&a=8891&s=02010100&s=010000>
‘Seçim Arşivi’, T.C. Yüksek Seçim Kurulu <http://www.ysk.gov.tr/tr/secimarsivi/2612>
‘The Experience of Co-operative Societies in Rojava’, TEV DEM Economic Committee, 19 January 2016
‘The Program & Political Platform of the Adopted in the First PUK Congress 1992’, PUKmedia, 2015
https://www.pukmedia.com/EN/EN_Direje.aspx?Jimare=34632
‘Turkey: Kurdistan’, Uppsala Conflict Data Program, Conflict Encyclopedia, Uppsala University <https://ucdp.uu.se/additionalinfo/354/1>
Chomani, Kamal, (@KamalChomani), ‘Son of Masrour Barzani, could be around 15 yrs old (…)’, Twitter, · 28 April 2019, 17:05 <https://twitter.com/KamalChomani/status/1122532218298097664>
Demokratik Toplum Partisi: Program ve Tüzüğü, 2005 Final Declaration of the Foundation Conference of the People’s Congress of Kurdistan, 17 November 2003, (Cologne: International Initiative
Freedom for Ocalan)
International Paris Conference 14-15 October 1989. The Kurds: Human Rights and Cultural Identity (Paris: Institut Kurde de Paris, 1992)
Kocher, Matthew A., ‘Human Ecology and Civil War’ (unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Chicago, 2004)
Leam, David (dir.), Lawrence of Arabia (Columbia Pictures, 1962). Matbaacılık, Feryal, State of Anarchy and Terror in Turkey (Ankara, 1983)
Revolution in Kurdistan: The Essential Documents of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (New York: PUK Publications, 1977)
List of Interviews
Abbas, Mustafa Abbas, University of Sulaymaniyah and Coalition for Democracy and Justice (Sulaymaniyah, September 10, 2018)
Ahmedi, Loghman, KDPI (Koya, August 6, 2018)
Amin, Muthanna, Kurdistan Islamic Union (Sulaymaniyah, August 7, 2018)
Arab, Sileman, PYD representative in Iraq and KRG (Sulaymaniyah, March 10, 2019)
Assasard, Fared, Research Institute of Kurdistan (Sulaymaniyah, August 5, 2018)
Bozarslan, Hamit, Ecole des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (Paris, November 8, 2019)
Çağlayan, Handan, University of Bamberg (personal communication, April 8, 2020)
Çandar, Cengiz, journalist and writer (personal communication, April 14-28, 2020)
Chomani, Kamal, journalist (personal communication, September 9, 2019)
Çimen, Devris, HDP representative in Brussels (Brussels, November 6, 2019)
Ferho, Derwich, Kurdish Institute of Brussels (Brussels, November 7, 2019)
Haji Ali, Qadir, former PUK and former Gorran (Sulaymaniyah, February 26, 2019)
Hamarahim, Jalal Abdullah, former PUK peshmerga (Sulaymaniyah, July 25, 2018)
Hasanzadeh, Asso, KDPI (Koya, August 6, 2018)
Jabar, Muhammad Hakim, Kurdistan Islamic Group (Sulaymaniyah, August 8, 2018)
Jaf, Ibrahim, Head of Jaf Tribe in Dukan (Dukan, March 12, 2019)
Jamal Tahir, Karwan, KRG representative in London (London, October 14, 2019)
Jan, Polad, Syrian Democratic Forces (Sulaymaniyah, March 10, 2019)
Jawhar, Jalal, Gorran Movement (Sulaymaniyah, March 12, 2019)
Karadaghi, Kamran, journalist and former spokesperson for the President of Iraq (London, January 22, 2018)
Kartal, Remzi, Kurdistan National Congress (Brussels, November 5, 2019)
Karwan, Abu, Kurdistan Communist Party – Iraq (Sulaymaniyah, September 9, 2018)
Muhammed, Tara, Tevgar Azadi (Sulaymaniyah, August 10, 2018)
Mustafa, Khawla, Rojava representative in the KRG (Sulaymaniyah, March 4, 2019)
Nezan, Kendal, Kurdish Institute of Paris (Paris, November 11, 2019)
Omar, Hoshyar, Gorran Movement (Sulaymaniyah, August 8, 2018)
Saeed, Aram, New Generation Movement (Sulaymaniyah, August 11, 2018)
Semo, Alan, PYD representative in London (personal communication, April 4, 2020)
Zebari, Hoshyar, KDP (Primam, August 2, 2018)
